Russia

Russia operates a moderate tax regime with a top personal income tax rate of 13% and a corporate tax rate of 25%. While not the lowest globally, the rates remain competitive within the region. Capital gains are taxed at a relatively low rate of 13%, making Russia reasonably attractive for investors and those with portfolio income. Russia taxes residents on their worldwide income, including foreign-sourced earnings. This means income from overseas employment, investments, and business activities is subject to domestic tax rates, though double taxation treaties may provide relief. Russia permits dual citizenship, which provides flexibility for tax planning through establishing residency in a second jurisdiction without forfeiting existing citizenship rights.